For intercity Generation we assume a sample city called MAASTER. It is located near Tehran and south of IKIA Airport. The residents are Villas and located in 500m land. They built in two stories with 180 Sqm floor space on a 100 Sqm land.
Maaster City basic requirement and concepts
- Average Electricity Requirement per Villa: 14 KW concerning 50% of concurrency factor
- Average Heat Requirement per Villa:
- winter – 6-8KW
- Summer – 1KW
- Average cooling Capacity required per Villa: 4.5 to 6 Ton (Refrigeration)
For designing the city there are some innovative and rare concepts which collectively can make a sustainable, reliable, clean and beautiful city. Below are some concepts which will help during the initial and planning phase.
Intercity Energy (CCHP) Generation
The concept is based on using the MicroTurbine for generation of Combined Cooling, Heating and Power (CCHP) and its high efficiency (Minimum 85%) and very low environmental Impact and emission. It means less intercity pollution and carbon emission for cooling and heating while generating the required electricity inside the city. It seems we get the electricity from the exhausts of heaters of the houses.
Inter-City Generation – Villa Houses
Air-tube concept
As the city planned to be a modern and very efficient environment, one of the concepts which is compatible with the geography of the south of Tehran is the using of air-tube mechanism to cool-down the warm environmental air for using inside the chiller dry cooler cycle. The warm air enters the underground canal which is placed in green corridors of the city. The air temperature will drop 10℃ by moving the 100 meters length of the underground air-tube. The cooled air will pass through the fin-fan coolers at the top of power house.
Inter-City Generation – Air-Tube
Waste:
Waste per Capita per day: 0.86 Kg or 0.667 Kg (Farhikhtegan newspaper)[1] [2]
Waste Composition of Tehran
The above graph shows that we only can use about 17-20% of waste to burn. Other parts are worth recycling. It means for example for city like Tehran the equivalent electricity value of waste is for 1600 Ton per day is maximum 320 MWH per day. Then the powerplant can be a 10-13MW.
Generation capacity of Waste: 200-500 KWh / Ton
Permissible Emissions
The following amounts are for the Powerplants in non-residential environment. For city-based generator the engineering team should do a comprehensive study and simulation. The result of simulation should be in compliance with the law for controlling the environment pollution [3] [4]
- NOx for gas 300mg/Nm3
- NOx for fuel oil 200mg/Nm3
- SO2 for gas 100mg/Nm3
- SO2 for fuel oil 300mg/Nm3
- CO 150mg/Nm3
permissible pollutant amount Iran-Standard
Waste distributed storage
Waste is collected and primarily treated in the areas inside the city. The Microturbine with the capability of waste to power can be used to generate CCHP at those areas.
[1] The total amount of waste for City Center of Tehran is about 8,000 Ton/Day. And the population of the area is more than 9 million people.
References
- [1] A.M.Hatami. [درون خطي]. Available: https://jgst.issge.ir/article-1-493-fa.html.
- [2] “تهرانیها روزانه چند تن زباله تولید میکنند؟,” [Online]. Available: fdn.ir/201399.
- [3] Iran Parliament, “Majlis Law of pullotion control,” 1995. [درون خطي]. Available: https://rc.majlis.ir/fa/law/show/92532.
- [4] environment research Center, “Air Pollution Standard,” [درون خطي].